简介：
Fish Smell Badly in More Acidic Oceans
海洋酸化破坏鱼类嗅觉
Some fish living in waters with currently naturally high levels of CO2 lose their sense of smell, and with it their ability to perceive predators—a possible portent to a global situation in the near future. David Biello reports.
有些生活在明显高于正常浓度的海水中的鱼类丧失了它们的嗅觉，以及察觉天敌的能力。这种现象很可能会在不久的将来扩散到全球。戴维•别洛报道。
撰文/播音 戴维•别洛（David Biello）
翻译 程孙雪子
Rising levels of carbon dioxide are already souring the world's oceans. Globally, seawater has become 26 percent more acidic since the 19th century because of additional CO2.
地球的CO2浓度与日俱增，并已经开始引起海水的酸化。自19世纪以来，过剩的CO2已经使全球海水的酸度升高了26%。
That's bad news for organisms like coral and plankton that need to form structures made of calcium carbonate and other minerals, because there’s less carbonate in a more acidic ocean. But it's also bad news for fish.
对某些生物体(比如珊瑚)而言，这是绝对的坏消息。浮游生物也因此遭了秧，因为碳酸钙等矿物质还是许多浮游生物的结构组分，而海洋中的酸度越高，海水里的碳酸盐就越少。不过，除此之外，酸化的海水对鱼类也产生了极大的影响。
Previous lab experiments had shown that fish living in high-CO2 waters lost their sense of smell. That deficit caused them to lose their natural avoidance reaction to predators—an obvious challenge for survival.
之前的实验结果表明，生活在高CO2浓度的水中的鱼类会丧失嗅觉。闻不到味道的鱼儿会因此失去躲避天敌的本能，它们的生存将面临极大的挑战。
So scientists looked at fish that live on coral reefs near spots where CO2 naturally bubbles out of the seafloor near Papua New Guinea.
因此，科学家对居住在巴布亚新几内亚（Papua New Guinea）附近的海底珊瑚礁内的鱼类进行了研究，那附近的海底有一个天然的CO2逸出点。
The researchers found the same impaired smell—and risky behavior—in the wild fish on reefs near the CO2 seeps. But the same species of fish in regions with more normal acidity maintain a healthy fear of being eaten. The study is in the journal Nature Climate Change. [Philip L. Munday et al, Behavioural impairment in reef fishes caused by ocean acidification at CO2 seeps]
研究人员发现，这些浸淫在CO2中的野生鱼类表现出了同样的嗅觉受损症状，它们的某些行为也相当危险。与之相对，生活在其它盐度正常的区域中的同种鱼类，依然对天敌怀有正常的恐惧本能。该项研究发表在《自然•气候变化》（Nature Climate Change）杂志上。
The research team is now examining whether fish can adapt to more acidic waters. Otherwise, our crazy environmental impacts may make them increasingly reckless.
现在，这一团队正在研究鱼类是否能适应更酸的海水，如若不然，我们对环境的疯狂影响可能使它们变得更加胆大与鲁莽。
（题图来源：AP）
