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宝石的奥秘Mysteries of Gemstones
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展品简介

  带着水果去中国啊,其实不太划算,还是宝石更方便携带,也更值钱。因为中国的宝石资源比较匮乏,大部分都只能依赖进口。在这里的“丝路上的宝石之旅”图上,我们就能看到,像红宝石、蓝宝石、祖母绿等珍贵的宝石,很多都是从阿富汗、印度、斯里兰卡等地区传进来的。

  Taking fruits on a long journey to China was actually not quite cost-effective. Merchants preferred the much more portable and valuable gemstones, as China had a relative dearth of gemstone resources and largely relied on imports. As we can see from the Journey of Gemstones on the Silk Road map here that many precious stones like rubies, sapphires, emeralds, and more were imported from Afghanistan, India, Sri Lanka, and other regions.

  宝石的价值,一般是颜色、透明度、光泽度来决定的。除此以外,硬度也是衡量宝石价值的重要因素,因为硬度越高,耐久性就越好,收藏价值就会更高。在右边的展板上,您就可以看到对宝石硬度的划分。我们现在一般用莫氏硬度来衡量宝石的硬度,比如最硬的金刚石,它的莫氏硬度是10,红宝石和蓝宝石的硬度都是9,黄玉的硬度是8,而普通玉石的硬度都在7以下。在展板下方有一个互动实验装置,您可以拿起硬度笔测一测各种宝石的硬度。

  A gemstone’s value is generally determined by its color, transparency, and gleam. Apart from the aforementioned, hardness is also an important factor that affects a gemstone’s value as greater hardness indicates better durability and a higher collection value. The hardness classification is detailed in the display panel on the right. We have adopted the Moh’s Scale to measure a gemstone’s hardness. For example, the hardest diamond has a Moh’s hardness of 10, ruby and sapphire of 9, topaz of 8, and ordinary jade of below 7. Under the display panel is an interactive experimental device, which allows you to measure gemstone hardness with the Hardness Test Pen.

  我们都知道,宝石最重要的功能,就是装饰。所以,随着宝石来到中国的,还有西方的宝石加工工艺。在右边的展板上,我们可以看到几件宝石和黄金首饰,西方人喜欢把宝石镶嵌在黄金上面,这种金镶玉的搭配方式和审美情趣也通过丝绸之路流传到了中国,对中国的审美传统产生了影响,在元朝以来,我国也出现了很多金镶玉的首饰,并且在明清时期非常流行。

  As we all know, the most important function of gemstones is as decorations. As a result, foreign gemstone processing techniques were also taken to China along with the gemstones. The display panel on the right has several pieces of gemstone and gold jewelry. Foreign styles tended to inlay gemstones in gold jewelry, and this kind of pairing and aesthetic taste of gold inlaid with jade were also introduced to China through the Silk Road, impacting traditional aesthetics in China. Since the Yuan Dynasty, gold jewelry inlaid with gemstones mushroomed in the market, becoming hugely popular during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

  除了天然的宝石,马可波罗也可以选择带上一种人工制作的奢侈品去中国,那就是玻璃。接下来请往右边走,去看丝路上的玻璃。

  In addition to natural gemstones, Marco Polo could also choose to bring a hand-crafted luxury to China, that is, glass. So, please look to your right at the glass section.

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