Mediterranean Diet Works--for Upper Crust

地中海式饮食确有其效——只对上流人

Italians who stuck closely to the heart-healthy diet had fewer heart attacks and strokes—but only if they were well-off and/or college educated.

严格遵循心脏健康饮食方式的意大利人心脏病和中风发生率普遍较低——但只适用于他们有一定经济基础，或受过良好的教育的情况下。

注：地中海饮食是很受现代营养学推荐的一种饮食模式，源自于1940-1950年代环地中海地区及国家(希腊、意大利南部及西班牙)的传统饮食型态。其以大量橄榄油、豆科植物、天然谷物、水果和蔬菜，适量鱼、乳制品(芝士和乳酪)及红酒，少量肉制品为重要特色。

撰文/播音 Christopher Intagliata克里斯托弗·因塔利亚塔

翻译 张清越

审校 潘磊

The Mediterranean diet is well known for its heart-healthy effects. It even sounds healthful: lots of fruits and veggies, whole grain and legumes. Plus olive oil, a bit of red wine. And fish and poultry instead of red meat. 

地中海式饮食以其对心脏的益处而闻名。它甚至听起来就很健康：大量的水果和蔬菜，天然谷物和豆类。外加橄榄油和一点红酒。红肉也被替换成了鱼和鸡肉。

Now a study from Italy confirms that, if you follow the diet, you really can cut your risk of cardiovascular disease. But here's the catch: the benefits seem to only occur if you're financially comfortable or well educated.

但现在意大利的一项研究表明，如果你遵循地中海式饮食，你确实可以降低患心血管疾病的风险。但有一个限制条件：这些好处似乎只发生在你有一定经济基础或受过良好教育的条件下。

The finding is in the International Journal of Epidemiology. [Marialaura Bonaccio et al., High adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with cardiovascular protection in higher but not in lower socioeconomic groups: prospective findings from the Moli-sani study]

这项研究被发表在《国际流行病学杂志》上。

Researchers tracked 19,000 men and women living in southern Italy during a four-year interval. After controlling for habits like smoking and exercise, the team found that volunteers who stuck more closely to the diet enjoyed greater protection against heart problems—but only for if they were college-educated, or earned more than 40,000 euros a year, or about $47,000.

研究人员们对居于意大利南部的1.9万男性和女性进行了为期四年的跟踪调查。研究团队发现，剔除了个人习惯如吸烟和锻炼的影响之后，这些人里严格遵循地中海式饮食的人们更能抵御心脏问题的侵袭——前提是他们上过大学，或年收入超过四万欧元，或者大约47，000美元。

The scientists think that higher-income, educated individuals tend to prepare vegetables in healthier ways—perhaps preserving more vitamins and antioxidants. They also favored fish and whole grain bread, and ate more organic vegetables. And perhaps they're simply able to afford higher quality foods. Better olive oil, for example. 

科学家们认为，高收入高受教育程度的人通常会以更健康的方式烹调蔬菜——可能保留下了更多的维生素和抗氧化剂。他们也很喜欢吃鱼和全麦面包，吃更多的有机蔬菜。或许只是因为他们能负担的起更高质量的食物，例如更优质的橄榄油。

"You can buy the two- to three-euro bottle or you can have a 10-euro bottle." Study author Marialaura Bonaccio, an epidemiologist. "Probably these two bottles are different in their nutritional contents—in the context for example of polyphenols or other nutritional compounds."

“你可以买2-3欧元一瓶的橄榄油，也可以买10欧元一瓶的。”该研究的作者流行病学家玛利亚劳拉·波纳乔说到。“这两种橄榄油里的营养成分可能并不一样——例如含有的多酚或其他营养化合物种类。”

Seems that the Mediterranean diet includes few foods that we consider rich. But to get the full benefits, it helps if you are. 

地中海式饮食看上去不包含什么名贵的食材。但是想要获得它全部的益处，你最好具有一定的经济基础。

—Christopher Intagliata