审校：郭晓
William Nordhaus shared the 2018 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, "for integrating climate change into long-run macroeconomic analysis,” with Paul Romer, "for integrating technological innovations into long-run macroeconomic analysis."
威廉•诺德豪斯与保罗•罗默共同分享了2018年诺贝尔经济学奖。他们的获奖理由分别为：“将气候变化纳入了长期宏观经济分析”和“将技术创新纳入了长期宏观经济分析”。
“The first thing is that people have to come to grips with the difficulties we face. I think the scientists have and many of the people have, but the governments have to.”
“首先，人们必须正视我们面临的困难。我认为科学家和许多人都面临着困难，但政府必须着手解决。”
Yale University’s William Nordhaus, who on October 8th shared the 2018 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, "for integrating climate change into long-run macroeconomic analysis.” He spoke by phone to a representative of the Nobel Prizes.
10月8日，2018年诺贝尔经济学奖的一半被授予耶鲁大学的威廉·诺德豪斯，以表彰其“将气候变化纳入了长期宏观经济分析”。他在电话中与诺贝尔奖的一位代表如是说道。
“And then the second thing that’s most important is that we take some kind of economic steps—I have advocated for many years a carbon tax as a way of implementing policies. And then the third thing is we’ll have to have a significant technological transformation. Of course, those first two would help the third. But those three have to go together. You can’t do it without public support. But you can’t do it without some kind of economic signals, in the form of a carbon tax. And then all of those will help induce the technological changes that are necessary to make a transition to a low-carbon world.”
“第二件最重要的事情，是我们采取某些经济措施——我多年来一直主张用征收碳排放税来实施政策。第三件事是我们必须进行重大的技术变革。当然，前两个能帮助第三个的实现。但这三者必须同时进行。公众的支持是必备条件。但同时，如果没有某种经济信号，比如碳排放税，你依然无法做到这一点。所有这些都将有助于引导技术变革，这对于向低碳世界转型是必要的。”诺德豪斯说道。
Nordhaus shared the prize with Paul Romer of New York University, for his work “integrating technological innovations into long-run macroeconomic analysis."
诺德豪斯与纽约大学的保罗·罗默分享了诺贝尔经济学奖，后者的获奖理由为：“将技术创新融入长期宏观经济分析”。
Nordhaus continued: “The most recent work I’ve done is studying actual trends in abatement and in policies, suggests we’re doing much less than what needs to be to reach any of the targets, whether it’s a 1.5-degree or 2-degree or even a 3-degree target. I think the policies are lagging very very far, miles, miles, miles behind the science and what needs to be done…but it’s not too late. But the steps we have to take are more difficult now than if we’d started earlier.”
诺德豪斯接着说：“我最近做的工作是研究减排和政策方面的实际趋势，我发现我们所做的远远少于实现任何目标所需的，无论是1.5级还是2级，或者甚至3级目标。我认为这些政策远远落后于科学，也远远不能支持我们需要做的事情，不过现在还不算太晚，只是相比早点开始行动，我们现在必须采取更艰难的措施。”
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